White Spots on Teeth: What They Mean and How to Get Rid of Them

What Are White Spots On Teeth?

White spots are lesions that can form on the teeth for many reasons, including disease, poor dental habits, diet, and environmental factors. You can have an excellent oral hygiene routine and still develop white spots on your teeth.

While white spots on teeth can be unsightly, they typically don’t indicate a serious issue. Once your dentist determines the cause, treatment can mask or reverse the lesions.

What Causes White Spots on Teeth?

The most common causes of white spots on teeth include:

Fluorosis 

Dental fluorosis occurs when you consume an excessive amount of fluoride. While fluoride has many benefits, too much can cause white lines or streaks on the tooth enamel.

Fluorosis is a cosmetic issue, not a health concern. It’s most common in children under 8 years old. It can happen due to swallowing toothpaste, drinking overly fluoridated water, or taking an incorrectly high dosage of fluoride supplements. 

Bacterial Overgrowth (Demineralization)

When bacterial plaque accumulates, it can erode enamel and create white spots. This is called demineralization.

Demineralization is caused by poor oral hygiene. The resulting white spots are usually signs of early cavities that a dentist can treat if caught quickly.

Enamel Hypoplasia

Enamel hypoplasia is a dental condition when the tooth enamel is thinner or less mineralized than usual. This condition can cause white spots to appear on the teeth.

Enamel hypoplasia is caused by numerous factors, including:

• Vitamin deficiencies
• High fevers due to illnesses
• Maternal exposure to smoking or certain medications during pregnancy
• Premature/preterm birth

If your hypoplasia is severe, your dentist may recommend a sealant, composite filling, or crown.

Braces

Wearing braces can make it harder to clean the crevices where plaque accumulates. Plaque buildup can cause decalcification, leading to white spots on the teeth.

Practicing diligent oral hygiene while you have braces is essential. You should also visit your dentist regularly to screen for issues like decalcification.

Certain Medications

Certain medications can cause white spots on your teeth.

Certain antibiotics can interfere with how the body absorbs nutrients and weaken enamel, making teeth more susceptible to bacteria and white spots. 

Lifestyle Factors

Other lifestyle factors can influence the development of white spots on your teeth, including:

• Vitamin deficiencies — A diet low in calcium and phosphorus and high in acidic foods and drinks can significantly weaken the teeth and cause white spots.
• Mouth breathing while sleeping — Breathing through your mouth can cause your teeth to become dehydrated, leading to white spots.
• Poor oral hygiene — Not caring for your teeth can lead to plaque build-up and demineralization, manifesting as white spots.

Why Should You Treat White Spots on Teeth?

Although white spots on the teeth can be visually unappealing, they aren’t typically a cause for concern. However, some white spots can be signs of early tooth decay. 

Talk to your dentist if you notice any changes in your teeth. They can evaluate your teeth, review your symptoms, and recommend a treatment plan if necessary.

How to Get Rid of White Spots on Teeth at Home

Here are three ways to get rid of white spots on teeth:

1. At-Home Teeth Whitening Kits

Using an at-home whitening kit to whiten your teeth can reduce the appearance of white spots and other stains. It can also brighten the color of your teeth to match the white spots.

2. Reduce Fluoride Intake

Consuming too much fluoride can cause small white spots. 

To prevent white spots, find out more about your daily fluoride intake. Ensure that you’re not swallowing any toothpaste or mouthwash. If you’re taking fluoride supplements, consult your dentist regarding continued use.

3. MI Paste 

MI paste is a milk-based topical paste prescribed by your dentist. This product can help replenish calcium and phosphate to strengthen teeth and reduce the appearance of white spots. 

To use MI paste, spread a layer over your teeth with your finger. Allow it to sit for 3 minutes. Avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes after application.

How to Get Rid of White Spots on Teeth Professionally

Here are five ways to get rid of white spots on teeth in a dentist's office:

1. Bleach-Based Whitening 

Your dentist may recommend whitening your teeth with a bleach-based solution to even out the color of your teeth.

Professional teeth whitening treatments use more robust bleaching solutions than those available over the counter, making them more effective.

2.  Enamel Microabrasion 

Enamel microabrasion is a cosmetic procedure that involves scraping away a thin layer of surface enamel. Your dentist can use this technique to remove discolored sections of enamel.

For the greatest effect, combine enamel microabrasion with other treatments for white spots.

3. Dental Bonding

Dental bonding is a cosmetic dental procedure. It involves applying a custom-tinted composite resin to the teeth to cover imperfections and discoloration.

Bonding usually only takes one dental office appointment, and its results may last for several years.

4. Veneers

Dental veneers can help to eliminate the appearance of white spots on your teeth when other techniques don’t work.

Veneers can dramatically alter tooth color and shape. They’re permanent cosmetic restorations that usually require some tooth reduction or reshaping.

5. Topical Fluoride Treatment

Your dentist may recommend a topical fluoride treatment if you have enamel hypoplasia.

Fluoride encourages enamel remineralization and helps prevent tooth decay.

How to Prevent White Spots on Teeth

While white spots occur for many reasons, practicing good oral hygiene can help prevent them:

• Brush your teeth twice daily and floss once daily
• Use an electric toothbrush to reduce plaque buildup
• Eat less sugar and acidic foods
• Use a fluoridated toothpaste designed to remineralize enamel and protect your teeth from white spots
• Quit smoking
• Take calcium supplements to strengthen your teeth
• Talk to your doctor about any medications you’re taking
• Monitor young children to ensure they’re not swallowing toothpaste
• Check the fluoride levels in your local water supply 

Summary

White spots are lesions that can develop on your teeth for many reasons. Common causes of white spots on teeth include dental fluorosis, enamel hypoplasia, and demineralization.

Most white spots are harmless, but some can be signs of early decay. White spot treatment includes bleach-based tooth whitening, enamel microabrasion, and dental veneers. 

Practice good oral hygiene and visit your dentist regularly to prevent white spots. Consult with your dentist if you notice white spots developing.