People may be born with naturally lopsided smiles, or it can happen due to:

• Aging
• Jaw alignment
• Nerve damage
• Muscle weakness
• Dental issues

Typically, an uneven smile isn't a cause for concern, but if facial symmetry occurs suddenly, it could indicate a medical emergency such as a stroke.

There are treatments available for many causes of a crooked smile. These include orthodontic treatments to realign the teeth and correct jaw misalignment or Botox (botulinum toxin) injections to relax facial muscles.

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Lopsided Smiles Causes & Treatments

NewMouth Podcast

What Causes a Lopsided Smile? 

Your smile may appear uneven for various reasons. Some are serious and require emergency medical attention, while others are less concerning.

Genetics

You may inherit the same genes if your biological parents have asymmetrical features and a crooked smile. This makes you more likely to have an uneven smile.

Aging

The skin around your mouth can become thinner and lose collagen as you age. The facial muscles can also weaken and sag, and the jawbone can shrink with age. Together, these factors can create an unbalanced appearance.¹

Uneven Teeth 

It's normal to have moderately uneven, crooked teeth. Usually, this doesn’t cause a significantly lopsided smile. 

However, your smile can appear lopsided if your teeth are naturally uneven or uneven because of dental issues like tooth decay and weak or broken teeth.  

Jaw Structure

A misaligned jaw can cause an excessive overbite, underbite, or overall poor alignment between the upper and lower teeth. This can cause problems when you bite and chew and also make your smile look unbalanced. 

You can also develop misalignment if the jaw becomes damaged by trauma or disease such as cancer invading the bone.²

Smoking

Smoking can cause facial wrinkles and sagging skin around the mouth, leading to an uneven smile. 

It can also contribute to severe tooth decay, gum disease, or oral cancer, which can affect the appearance and balance of your smile.

Surgical Interventions

You may need facial surgery to remove growths, tumors, or abscesses affecting the nerves and muscles. 

There’s a risk that a surgical error can damage or cut a nerve that controls mouth movement, which can lead to a crooked smile.³

Trauma

A facial injury can damage the underlying structures and cause substantial swelling. As a result, your face can appear uneven and your smile lopsided. 

Bell’s Palsy

Bell's palsy is a temporary weakness or paralysis affecting one side of the face. The cause is often unclear. 

You may notice symptoms developing over a few hours and worsening for several days. They include facial weakness, one corner of the mouth drooping, and the smile line (nasolabial fold) disappearing.⁴

Facial Paralysis

Various nerve and muscle conditions can cause facial weakness and an uneven smile. They include:

• Myasthenia gravis — an autoimmune disorder that causes muscular weakness.
• Multiple sclerosis — an autoimmune condition that damages the protective myelin sheath of nerves in the brain and spinal cord.
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis — a progressive neurological disease that affects how nerve cells control movement.

Torticollis

Torticollis is a condition that can be present at birth or develop later due to injuries or inflammation. It causes neck muscle tightness and spasms. 

If the muscles contract strongly, it can pull the head to one side and cause a lopsided smile.⁵

Stroke

A stroke is a medical emergency. It happens when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted by a blood clot or burst blood vessel. It can cause weakness on one side of the face and body, slurred speech, and may result in an uneven, droopy smile.

If someone experiences any of the signs or symptoms of a stroke, they should seek medical attention immediately. Immediate treatment may help reduce the risk of long-term disability.⁶

How to Tell if Your Smile is Lopsided

If you're unsure whether your smile is lopsided, there are a few ways to tell. The most accurate way is to have a dental professional assess the symmetry of your facial features and teeth.

You can also observe your smile in the mirror for any obvious signs it may be asymmetrical. Look at how your eyes, nose, and lips align when you smile. If one side of your face appears higher or lower than the other, your smile may be lopsided.

Finally, ask a close friend or family member if they notice any asymmetries in your smile. They can provide valuable insights about asymmetries that you might be unable to detect.

How to Fix a Lopsided Smile

The best way to fix a lopsided smile is to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

No Treatment

You may not need treatment if your crooked smile is due to genetics and natural asymmetry. 

If due to a temporary condition, such as facial palsy, symptoms should gradually improve on their own within a few weeks to months. However, doctors may prescribe oral steroids to speed up recovery.

Dental Treatments

If a person has uneven teeth or a misaligned jaw, an orthodontist may recommend braces or jaw surgery to correct the issue. Dentists may recommend restorative treatments, such as fillings, root canals, and crowns, in cases of gum disease or tooth decay.

Emergency Treatments

Doctors provide immediate treatment to reduce the risk of long-term effects in a medical emergency like a stroke or severe facial trauma. This may include interventions such as blood thinners for certain types of strokes or surgery for facial trauma. 

Physical Therapy

Following a stroke, facial injury, or nerve paralysis, doctors may recommend physical therapy to restore facial muscle strength and symmetry. 

Physical therapy can involve facial exercises that target the affected jaw muscles. It may also include rehabilitation with specialized equipment like a neuromuscular electrical stimulator.⁷

Surgery

Surgery may help a misaligned jaw. It can also reconstruct facial nerves and muscles and repair trauma for improved lower-face asymmetry. 

A licensed plastic surgeon can use nerve and tissue grafting and muscle transfers to restore facial structures. They may also suggest cosmetic options such as a lip implant to even out your smile.²

Botox

Botox (botulinum toxin) is a quick injection that can temporarily relax specific facial muscles. It's commonly used for the treatment of wrinkles and fine lines. 

However, it can also treat lopsidedness due to muscle spasms or contractions and gently lift the mouth.

Summary

An uneven or lopsided smile can be due to genetics, dental issues, smoking, aging, or medical conditions.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may not be necessary if a lopsided smile is natural or due to temporary conditions like Bell's palsy. Other treatment options include braces, Botox injections, or surgical intervention. 

If someone has an uneven smile following a stroke, they may need physical therapy to help correct facial asymmetry, muscle tone, and strength.

No matter the cause of a crooked smile, regular dental check-ups are essential to maintaining oral health. Your dentist can also assess changes in your smile over time and alert you of potential issues.

Bite blocks, also known as ramps or turbos, are tiny devices sometimes used to support orthodontic treatment with braces. 

Dentists may recommend braces to align teeth. Braces consist of brackets that are fixed to the teeth and connected with an archwire. Braces apply gentle pressure to the teeth, helping them move into the desired position.

You may need bite turbos on the back or front teeth to achieve good results from braces. They help by preventing the upper and lower teeth from touching, thereby keeping you from breaking your brackets when biting down. 

Altering how you bite alleviates pressure on the brackets. The result is faster and more effective teeth alignment and a healthy smile.¹

How are Bite Blocks Made?

Bite blocks are custom-made to fit your mouth and have various styles. They can be removable or fixed to the teeth. Sometimes, they’re spring-loaded to increase the pressure on the teeth.

Removable bite blocks are usually made of soft materials like silicone, gel, or acrylic and come in different colors. Fixed bite blocks are made of glass ionomer cement, bonding resin, or metal.²

Potential Side Effects of Bite Blocks

As with any orthodontic treatment, bite turbos can cause some side effects, especially at first. Here are some of the most common issues:

Chewing Problems

Bite turbos change how your jaw muscles work. You'll need time to get used to the new position and learn to eat properly.⁴

While adjusting, it's best to eat softer foods that require less chewing. It's also helpful to cut food into pieces and take smaller bites. After about a week, you'll adapt as your jaw muscles become accustomed to the new position.

Speech Difficulties

Bite blocks may change the way your tongue moves when you speak. You may find it hard to pronounce certain vowel sounds and words. This problem is more common with bite turbos attached to the inside (lingual) surface of the teeth.

As with chewing, you'll eventually adjust as your jaw and tongue muscles adapt to the bite block. It may help to practice speaking when you’re alone. But if speech impairments persist, you might need to work with a speech and language pathologist.

Discomfort

Braces and bite turbos can be uncomfortable at first. Your mouth may also become dry and sore as your tongue adjusts to the new shape. But again, this should improve with time.

Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medications like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin) can ease discomfort. But if you experience any pain or swelling, contact your dentist immediately. They'll adjust the bite block if necessary.

Lost or Worn Blocks

Bite blocks can become fragile, come off, or wear down over time. Without fully functioning bite blocks, you risk damaging your braces and teeth.

If you notice a block is missing or damaged, contact your orthodontist immediately so they can assess your mouth and replace the bite block.

Biting on One Block

During treatment, your bite shifts, and your teeth may touch only one block. Even though it may feel strange, it's normal and expected.

Providing you’re not in pain, your dentist may not need to do anything about the problem. But ask them for advice if biting on one block is causing other issues.

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Bite Blocks for Braces

NewMouth Podcast

Who Needs Bite Blocks?

Orthodontists may recommend bite blocks for an overbite (deep bite), underbite, or otherwise misaligned teeth. They can also help with overcrowded teeth and mouth breathing.

If you clench or grind your teeth, a dentist may recommend bite turbos. Bite turbos help fix the alignment of your bite. If you have a misaligned bite, every time you chew or clench your teeth, you put excessive pressure on your jaw and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Bite turbos help relieve the pressure on both your TMJ and teeth. 

Usually, bite blocks are used together with conventional dental braces to help realign your bite. However, sometimes orthodontists use them by themselves. For example, in children, bite blocks can help correct a crossbite.³

Summary

Bite blocks are temporary devices that realign the jaw and teeth while wearing braces. They work by gently separating your upper and lower teeth, improving your bite alignment and speeding up treatment time. 
Although bite turbos can feel uncomfortable, they shouldn't cause any pain. However, you may have some issues chewing food and speaking at first. Call your orthodontist for advice and replacement if a bite block gets damaged or comes off.

Gum stimulators are devices that resemble a toothbrush. But instead of a brush head, they have a flexible, pointed plastic or rubber tip.

You use the rubber tip to stimulate and massage the gums. This motion encourages blood circulation, reducing inflammation and improving gum health. It may also help remove food particles, bacteria, and plaque from hard-to-reach areas between the teeth and along the gumline.

Anyone can use gum stimulators for effortless plaque removal and keeping gums healthy. However, dental professionals generally recommend them for people with gum disease (periodontal disease) and/or implants. 

A gum stimulator can prevent gum disease from worsening and spreading.¹

Who Should Use a Gum Stimulator?

Most people don't need to use a gum stimulator. They are not part of the typical oral hygiene routine for healthy mouths. But in some cases, they can make a positive difference.

Some people find dental floss difficult or uncomfortable to use. Issues with dexterity or using your hands can make flossing extra challenging. Using a gum stimulator with an angled neck may be easier, helping clean hard-to-reach areas around the back teeth.

If you have gingivitis (mild gum disease), periodontitis (gum disease), or receding gums, your dentist may recommend using a gum stimulator. Regular gum massaging can reduce inflammation and bleeding gums. It may also prevent infection from worsening.³

Do Gum Stimulators Actually Work?

Although there is limited scientific evidence on their effectiveness, gum stimulators are generally a dentist-accepted part of periodontal treatment. Some studies suggest using a gum stimulator can reduce inflammation and bleeding.⁴

Early research found that gum stimulators were as effective as toothbrushes in removing overnight plaque. They were also significantly more effective in reducing gingivitis.⁵

Furthermore, animal studies show that gum massaging increases blood flow to the gums. It also activates microcirculation, or blood flow through the minute gum vessels in the gingival tissues. These effects contribute to healthy gums and improved oral health.⁶

There need to be more clinical studies to definitively prove the effectiveness of using a gum stimulator. But many dental professionals agree that gum stimulators can improve gum health.

The Benefits

Using a stimulator tip has several benefits for oral health. Gum simulators can:

• Improve blood circulation
• Reduce inflammation
• Remove food debris
• Decrease dental plaque and bacteria buildup
• Increase oxygen circulation at the gum line 
• Keep gum tissue healthy
• Strengthen teeth
• Improve oral hygiene
• Freshen breath
• Prevent gum disease from worsening
• Prevent periodontal bone loss

Additionally, some people enjoy using these innovative oral care products. The massaging action can be relaxing and soothing.

Potential Side Effects

Using a gum stimulator is generally safe. However, if you press too firmly, it can damage your gum tissue and worsen gum recession.

Some people may also experience irritation from overly vigorous use. To prevent side effects, only use gentle pressure and follow the instructions on the packaging.

How Do You Use a Gum Stimulator?

If you have gum disease, your dentist may recommend using a gum stimulator as part of your regular dental routine. While regular brushing and flossing help combat gum disease, a gum stimulator adds an extra layer of protection.

Using one is straightforward, but you must do so gently:

1. First, brush and floss your teeth
2. Then, dampen the rubber tip of the stimulator with warm water to soften it
3. Insert the tip into your mouth and massage the edge of the gums near the teeth with light pressure
4. Use a circular motion back and forth along the gumline
5. Cover all areas of your mouth, including the back molars

In addition to gently massaging the gum line, you can softly slide the rubber tip between the teeth. This helps remove food particles, debris, and plaque. 

Loosening plaque below the gum line limits the spread of disease. It also allows more oxygen to flow into the periodontal pocket, killing harmful bacteria.²

Are they safe to use at home?

Yes, gum stimulators are safe to use at home. However, you must be gentle and follow your dentist's instructions. Always rinse off the stimulator after each use and replace the rubber tip as needed.

If using the gum stimulator is uncomfortable or painful, discontinue use and talk to your dentist. They can recommend a gentler model or alternative treatment.

Remember that using a gum stimulator won't be enough to treat gum disease. It's still important to brush and floss regularly, even if you use a gum stimulator. Visit your dentist for professional cleanings and exams every 6 months or as advised.

Where to Buy Them

Your dentist may provide a gum stimulator if you've had treatment for gum disease. If not, you can buy one online or at your local drugstore.

Here are some gum stimulators we recommend:

• GUM Stimulator Permanent Handle with Rubber Tip — this top-rated stimulator features a permanent metal handle and a replaceable soft rubber tip for gentle but hygienic gum stimulation.
• DenTek Professional Oral Care Kit — a comprehensive kit with a gum stimulator, dental pick, scaler, and mirror. Perfect for promoting healthier teeth and good oral hygiene.
• Flossaid Floss Aid Gum Stimulator — with a soft rubber tip and ergonomic handle, this stimulator is designed for a gentle but effective massage for healthy, firm gums.
• Sammons Preston Rubber Massage Brush — rather than a pointed tip, this stimulator has a rounded cushion brush that massages the gums. It may be a good option for those with sensitive teeth and gums.
• VeriFresh Gum Stimulator and All Natural Gum Gel — this kit includes a gum stimulator with a flat, round rubber tip and soft protrusions. The combination of the stimulator and all-natural gum gel helps reduce gum inflammation.

Summary

Gum stimulators are small dental tools with pointed, soft rubber tips. The devices can improve gum health and oral hygiene. In addition, they remove plaque and bacteria, reduce inflammation, and improve blood circulation.

Dentists typically recommend gum stimulators for people with gum disease. When used properly with gentle pressure, they can halt disease progression.

There is limited scientific evidence of their effectiveness, but many dentists agree that gum stimulators improve gingival health. Always use them cautiously, as too much pressure can damage gum tissue.

• Magic mouthwash treats painful, inflamed mouth sores and oral mucositis.
• It combines several prescription ingredients that ease discomfort and promote healing.
• There’s no standard set of ingredients. Instead, a doctor or pharmacist recommends a formulation based on the specific symptoms and their severity.
• Magic mouthwash may be less effective than other mouth rinses. 

What is Magic Mouthwash?

Magic mouthwash is a type of oral rinse. It can relieve the symptoms of mouth sores and soft tissue trauma, such as burns. Doctors commonly prescribe it to help with oral mucositis, a painful side effect of head and neck cancer treatments.¹

It’s a prescription mouthwash, and each formulation is different. But it typically contains a combination of active ingredients, including steroids, antihistamines, pain relievers, and antifungals.

It has other names, including Mary’s and Duke’s magic mouthwash.

What’s in Magic Mouthwash?

Magic mouthwash contains various medications and active ingredients in different ratios. If someone has mouth sores, their doctor prescribes a specific ‘secret sauce’ or ‘recipe.’ A pharmacist then custom-makes (compounds) it.

Magic mouthwash usually contains:¹

• Nystatin — a medication that stops fungal growth and treats oral thrush (candidiasis).
• Steroids — hydrocortisone or dexamethasone, which ease irritation, pain, and inflammation.
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) — an antihistamine that reduces swelling and dries out mouth sores.

Other ingredients may include:

• Lidocaine — an anesthetic with a numbing effect to relieve pain.
• Chlorhexidine gluconate — an antiseptic that kills bacteria and reduces inflammation.
• Antacid — this helps the mouthwash coat the oral cavity. Examples include aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.

How to Use Magic Mouthwash

Here are the steps for using magic mouthwash:

1. Rinse your mouth with water and spit it out.
2. Pour the prescribed dose of magic mouthwash into a sterile spoon or measuring cup.
3. Place the mouthwash in your mouth.
4. Swish the liquid around the mouth for 1 to 2 minutes.
5. Spit it out, as swallowing can upset the stomach.
6. Avoid eating or drinking for at least 30 minutes to allow the mouthwash to work.

Dosage 

A doctor will prescribe a specific dosage of magic mouthwash. Your dose may depend on the type of mouthwash and the severity of your pain and mouth sores.

For example, in one specific magic mouthwash formula, a 240ml bottle contains:²

• 30 milliliters (ml) of nystatin suspension at 100,000 units per ml
• 60 milligrams hydrocortisone
• Diphenhydramine HCL syrup to bring the total volume up to 240 ml

You may receive your mouthwash in small, individual dose containers or one large bottle containing multiple doses. The typical dose is around 30 ml.³

Frequency of Use

How frequently you should use the magic mouthwash depends on your doctor’s recommendation. You can use magic mouthwash up to six times daily, usually after meals and before bedtime.⁴

Depending on how well the mouthwash controls your symptoms, you may need to use it more or less often.

Potential Side Effects

Magic mouthwash is safe for most people. However, it can cause side effects, including:⁴

• Dry mouth
• Irritation
• Pain
• Upset stomach
• Diarrhea
• Nausea

As with any medication, it can also cause allergic reactions. Report any side effects to your doctor. They can change the dose or recommend another treatment.

Magic Mouthwash Cost and Where to Buy

Magic mouthwash costs depend on several factors, including your location, the pharmacy, and the product’s ingredients. 

On average, expect to pay around $30 to $70 for magic mouthwash. In some cases, you may pay less with health insurance. But check with your insurance provider to check if it’s covered.

Magic mouthwash is prescription-level and is only available at compounding pharmacies, where pharmacists accommodate individuals with specific medication needs. Not all pharmacies compound medications, so ask your healthcare team to recommend a local pharmacy. 

Over-the-Counter (OTC) mouthwash

In some cases, over-the-counter (OTC) mouthwashes may help with a sore mouth. If you’re considering an OTC product, talk to your pharmacist. They will let you know if it’s safe to use with any other medications you’re taking. 

Some top-reviewed options include:

Uncle Harry’s Natural Alkalizing Miracle Mouthwash

This includes pure and natural ingredients like silver, magnetic earth, and essential oils. This mouthwash is safe for sensitive mouths and painful mouth sores.

Oral-B Mouth Sore Mouthwash Special Care Oral Rinse

This mouthwash is specially formulated for treating mouth sores and irritation. This oral rinse contains hydrogen peroxide, cleanses wounds, and speeds healing.

Prevention Oncology Mouthwash

This mouthwash is specially formulated for people undergoing cancer treatment. This gentle mouth rinse soothes pain, controls uncomfortable mouth symptoms, and protects the mucosal lining.

GuruNanda Original Oil Pulling Oil

This includes pure and natural ingredients like silver, magnetic earth, and essential oils. This mouthwash is safe for sensitive mouths and painful mouth sores.

TheraBreath Healthy Smile 24-Hour Oral Rinse

This dentist-formulated fluoride mouthwash helps strengthen tooth enamel and fight decay. It contains patented, halitosis-fighting ingredients to guarantee fresh breath.

These OTC options cost around $15 to $20. But remember that they’re not magic mouthwash and may not treat mucositis as effectively.

How Effective is Magic Mouthwash?

Almost everyone who has radiation for head and neck cancer and 1 in 4 people who have chemotherapy develop oral mucositis. Many people must stop cancer treatment because their mouth problems are so severe.⁶

This is why there is a desperate need for treatments that relieve pain and inflammation from oral mucositis. Using magic mouthwash is one approach, but the research about its effectiveness is conflicting.

A 2016 randomized, double-blind study compared three types of mouthwash: magic mouthwash, doxepin, and a placebo. Researchers found that magic mouthwash and doxepin reduced radiation-induced oral mucositis pain compared to the placebo. In addition, the participants tolerated the mouthwash well.⁷

A 2011 study evaluated if two types of mouthwash could prevent oral mucositis in people having head and neck radiation. The first was magic mouthwash plus sucralfate, a medication that treats and prevents intestinal ulcers. The second was benzydamine hydrochloride. The authors reported no differences between the two oral rinses.⁸

Overall, there isn’t enough evidence to confirm the effectiveness of magic mouthwash. But most people tolerate it well, which may help reduce some symptoms.

Alternative Treatments for Mouth Sores

There are other treatments that doctors may prescribe for mouth sores. They include:⁹

• Pink lady —  a combination of magic mouthwash ingredients plus an antacid (Maalox) and lidocaine.
• Noll’s solution — contains diphenhydramine, nystatin, a steroid, and a tetracycline antibiotic.

If you have painful mouth sores, there are other things you can do to ease discomfort. These include:

• Sucking on ice chips or sugar-free popsicles
• Drinking cold beverages
• Eating soft, bland foods
• Avoiding hot and spicy foods
• Avoiding acidic and processed foods
• Using a soft-bristled toothbrush
• Avoiding alcohol-containing mouthwashes

Furthermore, you can try rinsing your mouth with a saline solution. You can make a saltwater mouth rinse by combining the following:

• 8 ounces of water
• 1 teaspoon of salt
• 2 teaspoons of baking soda

According to some experts, this saltwater rinse can be as effective as magic mouthwash in treating oral mucositis.⁵

How to Make Magic Mouthwash At Home

Unless your doctor says otherwise, attempting to make magic mouthwash at home isn’t recommended. Your doctor must prescribe magic mouthwash, so you’ll have trouble getting the right ingredients in the proper proportions. The wrong combination of ingredients could do more harm than good. 

Your doctor or dentist may suggest making a non-prescription version called “magic mouthwash lite.” It only includes OTC ingredients, such as diphenhydramine and antacids. Only try this if a healthcare professional provides specific instructions.⁵

Warts are small, raised, fleshy bumps that can form anywhere on the body. They're usually harmless and painless. However, warts on the tongue can be uncomfortable and make eating or talking difficult. 

Tongue warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a group of more than 200 related viruses.¹

Different virus strains cause oral warts, genital warts, and warts on other parts of the body. The virus is transmitted through sexual and skin-to-skin contact and can pass easily between people. Oral HPV is common, affecting around 7.5% of adults in the United States.²

Most tongue warts do not require treatment and go away within a few months. But because some types can increase the risk of oral cancer, it's essential to see a doctor for an evaluation.³

What Causes Warts on Tongue?

Various HPV infections cause warts on the tongue. HPV spreads through skin-to-skin contact, including oral sex and kissing.

HPV spreads through skin-to-skin contact, including oral sex and kissing.

A person with HPV carries it in their saliva and mucus. It can then spread to a partner if these fluids come into contact with an open sore or cut in the mouth or genitals.³

HPV can also spread if someone touches a wart of their own or on someone else's skin, then puts their finger in their mouth. The virus causes an excess of a rough, hard protein called keratin to develop in the skin and mucosa. The keratin then develops into a tongue wart.

However, not everyone who comes into contact with HPV develops warts. Some immune systems are more effective at fighting the HPV virus than others, and many people don't have any symptoms. If you have a weakened immune system, you may be more likely to develop warts on the oral mucosa.

Types of Tongue Warts and Symptoms

Depending on the HPV strain, several types of warts can form on the tongue. They include:³

Squamous Papilloma

These harmless lesions have a cauliflower-like appearance and are supported by a stem. Although they can develop anywhere in the oral cavity, they usually affect the tongue, inside the cheeks, and lips. HPV strains 6 and 11 cause these warts.

Verruca Vulgaris

Also called common warts, these have a raised, rough surface. They often form on the hands but can appear anywhere on the body, including the tongue. They are more common in children and usually go away without treatment. HPV strains 2 and 4 cause them.

Condyloma Acuminata

These lesions usually occur in the genital area but can spread to the tongue through sexual activity. They're pink or white with a cauliflower-like surface and are associated with HPV 2, 6, and 11.

Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia

Also known as Heck's disease, these appear as raised white or pink warts on the tongue. HPV strains 13 and 32 are linked to this condition.

Similar Lesions

Other small oral lesions can be mistaken for tongue warts. These include:

• Inflamed tongue papillae (lie bumps)
• Cysts
• Canker sores
• Injuries
• Syphilis sores

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Warts on the Tongue

NewMouth Podcast

Are Tongue Warts Dangerous? 

In most cases, tongue warts are not dangerous and go away on their own. Nine in 10 cases clear up without treatment within 2 years.⁴

But because they can be cosmetically concerning and sometimes make it difficult to eat, talk, or breathe, many people opt for treatment. 

Some types of HPV are high-risk, meaning they can lead to oral, genital, and cervical cancers.⁵ Experts estimate that HPV is responsible for 70% of cancer cases of the throat, tonsils, and base of the tongue (oropharyngeal cancer).⁶

Symptoms of Oropharyngeal Cancer

Often, oropharyngeal cancer does not cause symptoms in the early stages. When symptoms do occur, they may include:⁷

• Sore throat
• Painful swallowing
• Voice changes
• Ear pain
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
• Weight loss
• Numbness or pain in the tongue or jaw
• Coughing up blood
• White or red patch on the tonsils

How to Get Rid of Warts on Tongue

Warts may eventually go away on their own without treatment. However, this can take months or even years. Because they can be a nuisance, many people opt to remove them. 

There are several ways to treat warts on the tongue:⁸

• Cryotherapy — also called freezing, this method uses liquid nitrogen to freeze warts and cause them to fall off. It's considered one of the most effective ways to remove warts.
• Electrosurgery — this involves using electric currents to destroy warts.
• Surgical excision — this is when doctors cut off warts with a scalpel or laser.
• Trichloroacetic acid — this acid is an effective way to remove oral warts and involves three applications within 45 days.
• Imiquimod — doctors often use this cream for external warts, although it also works well for mouth warts. 

Outlook for Tongue Warts

Most warts are benign and won't cause serious problems. They typically go away on their own, but treatment can speed recovery. 

If you have warts in your mouth, you might eventually develop oropharyngeal cancer. But this is rare. If you're concerned about your warts or their appearance, talk to your doctor about treatment options.

Also, see your doctor if you develop any new symptoms, such as a sore throat or trouble swallowing.

Can You Prevent Tongue Warts?

Yes, the HPV vaccination can help prevent warts on the tongue and other areas of the body. 

The HPV vaccine is recommended for children ages 11 to 12, but it’s safe as early as 9. Doctors recommended teens and young adults up to age 26 who have not been vaccinated or completed the vaccine series also get the HPV vaccine.⁹

Other preventative measures, such as using condoms and dams during sexual contact, can lower your risk of tongue warts. These products create a barrier between the skin and lower the risk of contracting the virus. 

Avoiding alcohol and tobacco products also lowers the risk of developing oral cancer, especially if you have tongue warts.⁶

Summary

Tongue warts are small, harmless bumps of flesh on the tongue. They're caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and are contagious. In most cases, they go away without treatment within 2 years. But if they're uncomfortable, a doctor can remove them. 

Rarely, HPV can lead to cancer, including oropharyngeal cancer. Symptoms include a sore throat, pain when swallowing, and ear pain. 

You can lower your risk of tongue warts by getting the HPV vaccine and using condoms and dams during sexual contact.

If you're experiencing tooth pain, you may need a root canal or tooth extraction. These common dental procedures can alleviate pain but differ in purpose and outcome. 

Dentists typically recommend root canals when the tissue inside a tooth becomes infected or inflamed. This tissue (pulp) contains nerves and blood vessels and extends from the tooth’s crown to the end of the root beneath the gum line. When damaged, pain and infection can occur. 

Root Canal vs. Tooth Extraction

Root canals involve removing the damaged tissue and cleaning the affected tooth's pulp canal(s). The dentist then fills it with a rubber-like material to seal and protect the tooth. In most cases, a root canal can save a tooth that would otherwise need to be extracted.¹

Tooth extractions, or pulling a tooth, are typically reserved for teeth that are too damaged or decayed to be saved by a root canal. Dentists also commonly remove impacted wisdom teeth. The procedure involves numbing the area around the tooth and removing it from its socket with forceps. 

Both root canals and extractions can be performed in a dentist's office. Some people experience mild discomfort after either procedure, but this can be alleviated with over-the-counter (OTC) pain medication.

If you're experiencing tooth pain, see your dentist. They can determine if you need a root canal, tooth extraction, or another treatment.

Which Procedure is Right for You?

The best way to determine if an extraction or root canal therapy is right for you is to schedule an appointment with your dentist. They can evaluate the severity of the problem and make a recommendation. 

Root canal therapy is the preferred way to treat an infected tooth. But, if the tooth has suffered extreme damage, an extraction may be best. Also, an extraction may be the only way to correct the problem in cases of crowding and impaction. 

When deciding between the procedures, consider the pros and cons, like cost, recovery time, and long-term effects on oral health.

When Can a Tooth Be Saved?

A tooth can be saved if there is enough solid tooth structure remaining. If the tooth is broken at the gum line or has a large cavity that reaches the bone, this is unlikely.

Warning signs the tooth isn't salvageable include:⁶

• It's very loose
• It's broken off below the gum line
• There's a dental abscess
• The tooth has already had more than one root canal procedure

If the infection has caused too much decay and weakening, the exterior may not be strong enough to save with a root canal. In this case, your dentist will extract the tooth. 

Root Canal Procedure 

For a root canal, you'll receive a local anesthetic to numb the area. Then, your endodontist will use dental instruments to create an opening in the tooth to access the pulp chamber and remove the infected pulp. 

Next, they will clean and disinfect the pulp chamber and root canal and fill the space with a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. A temporary filling seals the tooth and prevents bacteria from entering. 

Most people need a dental crown to protect the treated tooth and restore its normal function and appearance. Because the crown is custom-made, you'll need to wait around 2 weeks for its fabrication. When ready, your dentist will cement the permanent crown onto the tooth.⁷

Benefits

Root canal therapy has several benefits, including:⁷

• Preventing infection from spreading to other teeth
• Relieving the symptoms of an infected tooth
• Reducing the risk of jawbone damage from an infection 
• Eliminating the need for tooth extractions

Side Effects and Risks 

There are potential side effects and risks to a root canal treatment. In some cases, root canal therapy can fail, leading to the following symptoms:⁷

• Pain
• Swelling
• Pus
• Tooth discoloration
• Gum abscess
• Sinus problems

Aftercare and Recovery 

Following a root canal treatment, it's important to keep the area clean. Maintain good oral hygiene with regular brushing, flossing, and using an antibacterial mouthwash. If your dentist prescribed antibiotics, take them as instructed. 

Eat soft foods like pasta, mashed fruit, and yogurt for the first few days. Then, gradually introduce solid food as the discomfort eases.

It's also best not to bite or chew with the treated tooth until the permanent dental restoration is in position.

Cost

Root canal cost starts at around $600 for a front tooth and up to $1,500 for a molar without insurance. The cost with insurance varies according to your policy and coverage. 

When Should a Tooth Be Removed?

Because tooth removal is a last resort, an endodontist may first try to save the tooth with a root canal or other procedure. However, the damage is sometimes so extensive that it's best to remove the tooth. 

Some conditions that may warrant tooth removal include:²

• Severe decay (cavities) or gum disease
• Fractured tooth
• Crowded teeth 
• Loose teeth
• Dental injuries
• Impacted teeth

Dentists commonly remove impacted teeth because they can damage nearby teeth, lead to gum disease, become infected, or cause severe pain if they grow into the gum tissue.

Tooth Extraction Procedure 

First, the dentist numbs the area around the affected tooth with a local anesthetic. They then use forceps and other dental instruments to loosen and remove the tooth. 

If the tooth is severely decayed or has broken off at the gum line, they may need to make incisions in the gums to access the tooth. 

After the extraction, the dentist will clean and disinfect the socket. They may place stitches to close the extraction site. At the end, they will have you apply pressure on some gauze in your mouth to help stop any bleeding.

Expect some discomfort and swelling after the procedure. Your dentist may prescribe pain medication or suggest over-the-counter (OTC) options to ease the pain. 

Benefits

Tooth removal may be the best option for your oral health. Benefits of the procedure include:³

• Relieves pain — if a tooth is severely decayed or impacted, removing it can provide relief.
• Stops the spread of infection — infected teeth can spread bacteria to adjacent teeth and parts of your body, causing serious health problems.
• Helps oral function — crowded teeth make it difficult to chew and speak properly. Removing them can improve your ability to eat and communicate.
• Improves esthetics — decayed teeth affect your smile. Removing them can improve cosmetics. 

Side Effects and Risks 

Tooth removal is a relatively safe procedure with few risks besides light bleeding. However, as with any surgery, there are potential complications, including:⁴ 

• Pain and swelling — expect discomfort after the procedure, but you should be able to manage it with pain medication.
• Infection — there is a small risk of infection after tooth removal. Signs include redness, swelling, pain, and pus.
• Nerve or tooth damage — the dentist could damage a nearby tooth or nerve while removing the tooth.
• Dry socket — this happens when the blood clot that forms after an extraction is dislodged accidentally. Activities like smoking, using a straw, or rough brushing or rinsing can lead to a dry socket.

Aftercare and Recovery 

After tooth extraction, follow your dentist’s care instructions, which might include:⁵

• Avoiding mouthwash, hot food and drinks, and strenuous activity for the first 24 hours
• Gently rinsing your mouth with warm salt water at least 3 times daily after the first 24 hours
• Brushing your teeth carefully to avoid dislodging the blood clot in the tooth socket
• Taking pain medication if needed
• Using a cold compress to ease swelling
• Eating soft foods for a few days
• Avoiding smoking and using straws
• Contacting your dentist if pain or swelling worsens

Cost

The cost of a tooth extraction varies. A simple extraction without insurance costs around $75 to $250 per tooth. But if you need a surgical wisdom tooth extraction, it can cost $300 or more.

Summary

A root canal is an endodontic treatment to repair and save a tooth that's badly decayed or infected. It involves removing damaged tissue, cleaning, and filling the tooth. Often times, you'll then have a crown placed. 

Tooth extraction is a last resort when a tooth is too damaged to be saved. It involves removing the tooth from its socket in the jawbone.

Both procedures have risks and side effects. The best way to determine the right option is to consult your dentist.

Like traditional dental implants, mini dental implants can replace one or more missing teeth. They can support dental crowns, bridges, or dentures and are placed directly into the missing tooth’s bone socket. They can also be used to help move teeth during orthodontic treatment.

Mini dental implants have the same structure as regular implants but are around half the size. They comprise a one-piece titanium screw less than 3 millimeters (mm).¹ A dentist can often place a mini dental implant in a single visit.

Less Invasive Than Standard Implants

Mini dental implants are growing in popularity as they're less invasive and less likely to cause discomfort or pain during placement. Conversely, standard dental implants often require multiple dental appointments and lengthy, complicated surgery.

These implants are also a potential option for people who cannot have standard dental implants. They don't require the same level of bone density for successful placement. This makes them more suitable for elderly people who tend to suffer from bone breakdown (resorption). 

However, mini implants are not a good fit for all tooth loss cases. Keep reading to learn more.

Pros and Cons of Mini Dental Implants 

Every dental procedure has advantages and disadvantages, and mini dental implants are no exception.

Benefits

The benefits of mini dental implants include:²

• Less invasive — the smaller size of mini dental implants requires a shorter incision in the gums and less bone removal. Therefore, the procedure is less invasive and painful.
• Speedier recovery — people typically heal and recover more quickly because the incision is smaller with less removed bone.
• Faster results — with traditional dental implants, the jaw and gums must heal around the implant before placing the prosthetic tooth. However, replacement teeth can often be placed on mini dental implants on the same day as the implant procedure.
• Less jawbone density required — standard dental implants require a certain level of jawbone density for successful placement. Because mini dental implants are smaller, less bone mass is required.
• Can fit into small spaces — mini dental implants can replace small missing teeth and fit into narrow spaces. They're an option for people with small jaws.
• Prevents facial collapse — a lost tooth can lead to bone loss in the jaw or facial collapse. Dental implants help prevent this by maintaining the jawbone's shape and facial structure.
• Lower cost — mini dental implants are typically more affordable than standard options.

Downsides

Orthodontists sometimes refer to mini implants as temporary anchorage devices. This is because they are used to help move teeth and are then removed.  

Mini dental implants are immediate-loading implants, meaning the implant is placed as soon as a tooth is extracted. Although this is convenient, it also means they may not last as long.³

Regular implants are a longer-term solution. They allow for better weight distribution and provide a stronger chewing force.⁴

In some cases, you may need two mini implants to do the job of a single conventional implant, which delays healing time. 

Another downside is that mini implants become damaged and worn down much more quickly than standard implants if you grind your teeth. Sometimes a nightguard can prevent this issue.

Who is a Candidate for Mini Dental Implants?

The ideal candidate for mini dental implants is an adult with good general and oral health. They should have healthy gums free of periodontal disease and enough bone density to support the implant. 

Children and people without fully developed mouths are not good candidates. Because their bones are still growing, the position of the implant can change over time. 

Additionally, people with the following health conditions are not good candidates:¹ 

• Severe tooth decay or bone loss
• Recessed or damaged gums
• Uncontrolled diabetes
• Vascular conditions
• Clotting disorders
• Conditions that affect wound or bone healing

Mini dental implants may not be an option for people who smoke, grind their teeth (bruxism), or take certain medications. These include anticoagulants, steroids, chemotherapy agents, and bisphosphonates.

Mini vs. Conventional Dental Implants 

Your dentist can help you decide between mini implants and traditional implants. There are several factors to consider. 

Standard Implants

Conventional implants are more expensive, complex, and invasive. They require a larger incision in the gum tissue and drilling into the bone. This results in a longer healing time and more postoperative pain and swelling. 

You could also require bone grafting to ensure the implant post has something to grab onto. They are also a multi-step process, as you'll need time to heal before the permanent tooth is placed. 

However, traditional implants are more durable and can support a larger prosthetic tooth. They also fuse more completely with the bone, resulting in a stronger grip. Therefore, they may be your best option if you're considering a dental implant to support dentures. 

Mini Implants

By comparison, mini implants are less invasive. The small size of the implant post means that your dentist won't need to make a large incision or drill into the bone as much. This results in a shorter healing time and less pain and swelling. 

You can also have the fake tooth mounted on the same visit, so you'll leave the dentist's office with a new smile. They also typically cost less. 

But they're not the best option if you need to support a lot of weight with your implant. Because they're smaller, they aren't as strong or durable as a traditional implant.

Mini Dental Implant Procedure 

The mini dental implant procedure is minimally invasive and can often be completed in one visit. Before the procedure, the dentist takes X-rays assess the jawbone and determine where to place the implants.

How They’re Placed

Specific procedure steps can vary, particularly if you require multiple posts. Generally, the dentist performs the following steps to place a mini implant:¹ 

1. Administers local anesthesia to numb the gums and surrounding areas
2. Creates a small incision in the gum tissue
3. Drills a tiny hole into the jawbone
4. Places the mini implant into the hole
5. Secures and tightens the implant post
6. Attaches the prosthetic tooth to the post
7. Ensures the implant is placed and secured correctly
8. Closes the incision in the gum tissue with stitches

Sometimes, the dentist may not need to drill a hole for the implant. That's because some mini implants have a self-tapping threaded screw design that grabs onto the jawbone. You may not need sutures or stitches if the incision is small. 

Recovery and Aftercare

Everyone heals differently, but recovery from mini implants is usually fast and uneventful. A healthy person should notice their gums healing around the mini-implant in 2 to 5 days. 

The jaw bone heals around the tiny threads of the mini dental implant in around 3 months. Your dentist should monitor the implant’s healing and stability to ensure success.⁵ 

Relieve Pain

Following the procedure, you may experience pain and soreness. You should be able to manage this with ice and over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers, such as ibuprofen (Advil). 

Sometimes your dentist will prescribe pain-relieving medications, which you should take as directed.

Eat Soft Foods

Other aftercare involves avoiding hard foods and sticky candy. These could loosen or pull out the implant. Instead, choose soft or liquid foods like soup, smoothies, and mashed potatoes, while you recover. 

Watch Dental Hygiene

Also, brush and floss regularly to keep plaque and tartar from building up around the implant. See your dentist every 6 months for a cleaning and checkup.

Contact the Dentist

Call your dentist if you experience unexpected symptoms like severe pain, jaw numbness, or bleeding.

Costs

Mini dental implants cost between $800 to $1,500 per implant, less than traditional implants. They cost less because the surgery is more straightforward, and you need fewer dental appointments.⁶

If you have dental insurance, the cost may be lower. Contact your dental insurance provider to find out about coverage.

Summary

Mini dental implants can replace missing teeth. They're a smaller, less invasive, and more affordable option than their standard counterparts. 

The surgery is also less complex than traditional implants, and the healing time is shorter, with less pain and swelling. Another advantage is they can usually be completed in one visit. 

However, mini dental implants are not as strong or durable as traditional implants. As a result, they're not suitable for everyone.

Ask your dentist about their experience and success rates if you're considering mini implants. They can help you decide if they're the best option for you.

• Diamond Whites (DW) launched its aligners in 2020
• Its clear aligners correct minor teeth alignment issues
• DW Aligners usually take 6 months to straighten teeth
• Its aligner treatment costs £1,699 to £1,999

Diamond Whites (DW) is one of the UK’s fastest clear aligner treatments. It can straighten teeth within 3 to 4 months. Although it may not be the most affordable option, it’s a convenient and fairly priced option.

With DW Aligners, you essentially get the same scallop-shaped design typically found in more expensive brands like Invisalign, except you won’t need to pay a hefty price or see the dentist regularly for check-ups.

These comfortable and barely-there aligners are definitely worth the try, but only if you have mildly crooked teeth and access to one of the 60 pop-up locations in the UK offering free in-person scans and appointments.

At NewMouth, we only want what’s best for your teeth. That’s why we spent hours reviewing Diamonds Whites Aligners—from their pros, cons, costs, and features to the treatment process. We also compared DW Aligners with the best clear aligners in the UK, so you’ll have more options.

Pros and Cons of DW Aligners

Here are the advantages and disadvantages of Diamond Whites Aligners:

DW Aligners Pros

• Effectively treats common issues like crowding and spacing
• High-quality aligners made in the UK ensure your safety
• Budget-friendly alternative to traditional braces or Invisalign
• Virtually invisible aligners for discreet teeth straightening
• Scalloped edges ensure a snug fit that reduces gum irritation
• GDC-registered dentists oversee the treatments
• Convenient progress tracking with a scan box and mobile app
• Interest-free financing options for added flexibility
• Free teeth whitening kit included for a brighter smile
• Over 60 UK clinic locations for in-person consultations and support
• Remote treatment option available for added convenience

DW Aligners Cons

• Weekly progress tracking may be inconvenient for some
• Unsuitable for complex or severe dental problems
• Only straightens your front teeth and not the molars
• Retainers are necessary after treatment to maintain results
• Treatment plans don't incorporate X-rays
• May not be the best option if you want comprehensive care

Diamond Whites Daytime Aligner Plan

Diamond Whites no longer have nighttime aligners. However, the brand still offers daytime aligners through its dental partners and pop-up locations.

These UK-manufactured aligners use high-quality, BPA-free plastic. They’re cut in a series of scallops for discrete, comfortable treatments.

You’ll also receive a ScanBox device for weekly digital check-ins and a free Diamond Whites PAP+ Whitening Kit with your treatment.

The total cost of your plan will depend on how you start treatment:

Option One: Pay Upfront

Cost: Starts at £1,699

You can save £300 in costs and get a free digital teeth scan if you pay for your clear aligner treatment upfront. Customers have the option to pay the full amount (£1,699) or with the following financing options:

Option Two: Book A Scan

Cost: £99 for the digital teeth scan + £1,999 for the treatment

Additionally, you can book a scan at one of 60 locations across the UK. These are pop-up locations or dental clinics with trained specialists or dental professionals registered under the General Dental Council (GDC).

They can take a digital impression of your teeth and determine if you’re qualified. Ideal candidates will be shown their customised 3D treatment plan. You’ll get a glimpse of what your smile will look like before and after.

If you like the treatment plan, you can pay the remaining £1,999.

Does Insurance Cover DW Aligners?

Most dental insurance policies don’t cover orthodontic treatment. If you have insurance, you’ll need to check with your provider to see if they’re willing to cover the cost of Diamonds Whites Aligners.

Diamond Whites does not disclose whether it accepts insurance. But if your policy covers orthodontic treatment, you can submit reimbursement receipts directly to your insurance provider.

How Diamond Whites Aligners Work

DW Aligners use gentle pressure to gradually move teeth into their desired position. They work on the front 6 to 8 teeth and can only correct mild teeth alignment issues. Below is a summary of the treatment process:

1. Complete the online eligibility questionnaire
2. Purchase the treatment upfront or book a dental scan
3. Get your digital teeth scan and see if you qualify
4. Review your personalised 3D treatment plan
5. If you’re happy you can pay any remaining balance
6. Diamond Whites will begin making your aligners
7. Your aligners will arrive in the mail after 10 days
8. Wear each aligner every 2 weeks for 22+ hours daily
9. Send weekly photos to the dental team via the app
10. Diamond Whites will confirm once you finish the treatment
11. Wear retainers to maintain your smile

DW Aligners vs. Top Clear Aligners in the UK

Here’s how Diamond Whites Aligners compare to other brands:

Why Choose Diamond Whites Aligners?

Diamond Whites offer a practical solution for those who want a straighter smile but wouldn’t want to deal with the fuss and high cost of traditional braces. It's perfect for tackling common smile imperfections like gaps or slightly crooked teeth, all while being kind to your wallet.

The process is straightforward. You can kick-start your journey with a visit to one of their many locations in the UK. Real dental professionals will monitor your progress as you finish the rest of the treatment at home.

Their invisible aligners are crafted from high-quality, comfy materials. Plus, they’ll throw in a free teeth whitening kit to brighten your smile!

Why Trust Our Review of Diamond Whites Aligners

NewMouth is a leading and trusted online resource for dental information, including orthodontics, at-home aligners vs. in-office aligners, and more. We have been researching and writing about clear aligners for over 3 years.

We have a dedicated team of medical writers, expert researchers, licensed dental professionals, and medical reviewers who create and oversee every piece of content published on our site. 

Our goal is to provide credible, accurate, and up-to-date content that is free and accessible to everyone looking for dental care. After extensive research, this article underwent an intensive review process:

• The article was reviewed and fact-checked by in-house editors 
• One of our in-house dentists reviewed the article for accuracy 
• The article is updated and reviewed again every month
• We ensure pricing, product details, and specs are up-to-date

Gold braces are orthodontic devices that align and straighten teeth to improve bite and dental health. Traditionally, braces have been made from stainless steel or titanium alloy. 

However, there are a few more options, including clear braces, lingual braces that fix to the back of the teeth, and gold braces. 

Gold braces usually have a stainless steel base for strength. They are then coated with gold to give them a unique, fashionable look. The coating on the gold wires and brackets may be pure 24 karat gold or another metal that’s gold-colored.

Most people wear braces for several months or even years, so it’s important to feel good about how they look. Gold braces are a great option for people who want to add a bit of luxury, fun, and style to their smile.

How Gold Braces Work

Gold braces use a system of metal brackets and wires that attach to the teeth. Normally, a bracket is glued to each tooth, and an archwire connects them. Braces gradually move teeth into their proper position by exerting constant but gentle pressure.¹

Some people also need to wear rubber bands at some point during treatment. Rubber bands apply additional force to certain areas.

Metal braces can help with several dental problems, including:

• Crooked teeth
• Crowded teeth
• Gaps and uneven spacing
• Malocclusions like overbites, underbites, open bites, and crossbites
• Problems with chewing and speech

When you wear dental braces, you'll have regular visits with your orthodontist. They'll check progress and adjust the archwire at most visits. 

Gold vs. Traditional Braces 

The only real difference between gold braces and traditional metal braces is their distinctive and unique appearance. The gold coating is thin and does not affect functionality in any way. The materials are as strong and durable as metal braces and provide the same results in the same timeframe.

The two options may, however, differ in price. You can choose a gold-colored coating or real gold. A gold-colored coating shouldn't affect the price significantly. However, braces will cost  more if they are coated in genuine 24 karat gold.

Silver braces are usually made of stainless steel or titanium alloy. Although unusual, some people have allergies to these metals, which causes discomfort and irritation when wearing braces.²

If you have a sensitive mouth, you may want to opt for 24 karat gold braces. Pure gold does not contain any other metals, like nickel. It’s also considered hypoallergenic. However, lower karats are alloys meaning they contain other metals. As a result, they may still cause allergies.³

Pros and Cons of Gold Braces

As with all dental treatments, there are pros and cons to wearing gold braces.

Common pros and cons of gold braces include:

Pros:

• Stylish way of showing personality
• More comfortable for people with metal allergies
• Durable and long-lasting
• Correct dental problems just as well as traditional braces
• Results boost self-confidence
• Doesn't require special cleaning solutions or maintentance

 Cons:

• Cost more than traditional braces
• Gold coating may wear off over time, revealing the metal beneath
• Still possible to have an allergic reaction
• Uncomfortable at first
• More visible than clear aligners
• Require regular cleaning, maintenance, and check-ups

Are Gold Braces Right for You?

If you prefer a discreet look, gold braces are not the right choice for you. But if you like the idea of braces that make a statement, gold braces could be an excellent choice.

In addition, they're less likely to trigger allergies and are durable.

The best way to know if gold braces are right for you is to talk to an orthodontist. Look for someone certified by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO), which signifies they have the necessary training and experience. 

How Much are Gold Braces?

The cost of gold braces depends on their materials. If they don't contain precious metal, they'll cost about the same as stainless steel braces. Expect to pay $3,000 to $7,000. This is an option for people looking for the gold esthetic and not interested in the properties of gold. 

However, if you opt for 24 karat gold plated braces, the price will be significantly higher — think several thousand dollars more.

You can choose a lower karat gold plating if you want to minimize costs while still having the luxury of gold. But this is not a good idea if you're choosing gold to minimize allergic reactions. 

How to Pay for Gold Braces

There are several ways to pay for gold braces:

Insurance

General health insurance does not usually cover treatment with braces, but some orthodontic insurance plans do.

If you have dental insurance, there's usually some coverage for braces and other orthodontic treatments. However, you may not have full coverage, and your policy may not cover the additional cost of gold braces.

Review your insurance policy to see what is and isn't covered and to check your out-of-pocket cost. Then, check with your orthodontist to see if they offer any payment options or if they accept your insurance.

HSA/FSA Funds

You may be able to use tax-free funds from a health savings account (HSA) or flexible savings account (FSA) to cover the cost of braces. Check with your account administrator to confirm.

Payment plans and discounts

Your dental office may offer payment plans to help make gold braces more affordable.

When you sign a financing contract, you agree to make monthly payments over a set period, often with interest. Compare the interest rates, fees, and repayment terms of different financing options before you decide on a payment plan. 

They may also offer discounts for cash payments or referrals.

Mandibular tori are bony growths. They usually form inside the lower jaw bone or mandible in the premolar and molar regions. They are benign (non-cancerous and harmless).¹

Dental tori — or torus if it's a single bump — are small bumps of bone covered by normal gum tissue. The most common type is torus palatinus or palatal tori. These are bony growths on the roof of the mouth (palate). They affect around 1 in 5 people in the United States.²

Developing a mandibular torus is less common. The condition only affects around 1 in 25 people. Most people with mandibular tori have them on each side of the jaw.

Mandibular tori are slow-growing, can vary in size, and some people may have multiple growths. They tend to develop in people in their 40s or older.

Are Mandibular Tori Harmful?

Mandibular tori are not harmful or malignant, but they can cause discomfort. They can also make wearing dentures or other dental appliances difficult.³

Generally, treatment is unnecessary, but in some cases, a dental professional might recommend surgery to remove the bony growth.

When to See a Dentist

See a dentist or doctor if you notice any growths or abnormalities in your mouth. This is particularly important if they are causing symptoms such as pain or difficulty wearing dental appliances. 

According to Dr. Nandita Lilly, one of NewMouth’s in-house dentists, “people with a history of tori should see a doctor if the bony growths change shape, size, color or if new growths are observed.”

A physical exam and dental X-rays can help a dentist diagnose a mandibular torus and rule out other conditions.

If you are experiencing symptoms, the dentist may refer you to an oral surgeon for treatment.

What Causes Mandibular Tori?

The exact cause of mandibular tori is unknown. Several factors are likely involved in their development, including:²

Family History and Genetics

Genetics is the most likely cause of mandibular tori, as they seem to run in families. Researchers investigated this hypothesis by studying identical and non-identical (fraternal) twins.

Among the 81 sets of twins they recruited, almost 57% had mandibular tori. In the identical twins, almost 94% of the tori affected both or neither twin. In the non-identical twins, this number fell just below 80%. These results indicate a strong genetic link.⁴

Mandibular tori are also more common in certain groups of people, including Inuit, Norwegian, Thai, and Indigenous American descents. They can also affect people with certain genetic conditions, such as Turner syndrome. 

A Person’s Gender

A person's sex may also play a role, but experts are unclear. Some sources state that mandibular tori are more common in men, while others report the opposite.^{2, 5}

Other Causes 

Other potential causes of mandibular tori include:

• Trauma
• Teeth grinding (bruxism)
• Vitamin deficiencies
• Calcium-rich diet
• Fish consumption
• Chewing on dry, raw, or frozen meat
• Bone mineral density

Symptoms of Mandibular Tori

Most people with a mandibular torus do not experience symptoms apart from the physical growths. Therefore, they are usually discovered during a routine dental exam.³

In some cases, mandibular tori can cause problems, such as:

• Interfering with denture placement 
• Mouth sores and ulcers
• Gum irritation
• Tenderness or pain when the area is touched
• Food getting stuck around the growths

How is Mandibular Tori Treated?

Most people don't require treatment for mandibular tori. This is because the bone growth is not cancerous and may gradually shrink over time.

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the growths if they are causing problems. This is especially true if they:

• Become inflamed, injured, or infected
• Interfere with eating or speaking by restricting tongue movement
• Affect routine oral care by making it difficult to brush nearby teeth
• Prevent dental professionals from taking X-rays
• Make it difficult to wear dentures or another dental prosthesis
• Become large and begin to touch in the middle of the mouth
• Cause other oral health problems

Diagnosis

Mandibular tori are usually discovered during a routine dental exam. Your dentist must differentiate them from other types of oral growths. This is particularly true if you have a single bony growth on one side of the lower jaw. 

Other potential causes of oral growths include:²

• Peripheral ossifying fibroma — benign gum swelling
• Mucoceles — cyst-like growth that can form after salivary gland trauma or surgery
• Benign bone tumors — include osteoma, osteochondroma, osteoblastoma, and osteoid osteoma
• Cancerous tumors — including osteosarcoma

Your dentist can typically identify oral tori by their physical appearance. They may alternatively recommend a biopsy to rule out other conditions.

A biopsy involves taking a small tissue sample from the growth and examining it under a microscope. This can help identify benign or malignant (cancerous) growths.

They may also order imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans, to further evaluate the growths and rule out other causes.

Tori Removal

Although usually unnecessary, sometimes removing the tori is the best way to manage symptoms and improve function.⁶

Surgical removal is typically an outpatient procedure, meaning you won't need to stay in the hospital overnight. It's usually done under local anesthesia, which numbs the treatment area. You may also receive sedation to help you relax.

If your surgeon recommends general anesthesia, which puts you to sleep during surgery, you'll probably need to stay in the hospital overnight for observation.

During surgery, the oral surgeon makes an incision in the gum tissue to expose the tori. They then carefully remove the growths using a surgical saw or another cutting tool.

Sometimes, they might need to remove part of the jaw bone. A bone graft may also be necessary to rebuild the area where they removed the dental tori. After the procedure, the surgeon closes the incision with stitches.

After Surgery

After surgery, you'll likely experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort around your lower jaw. Your surgeon will provide instructions on managing pain and care for your oral cavity as it heals. 

You'll need to take it easy the first few days after surgery and eat soft foods while your mouth heals. Recovery typically takes several weeks.

Potential Complications

As with any surgery or dental treatment, there is a risk of complications, such as:⁷

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Damage to teeth, nerves, or other structures in the mouth
• Numbness in the lip or chin
• Jaw stiffness or limitation in movement
• Scarring
• Anesthesia complications

Your oral surgeon will review potential risks and complications of surgical removal with you before the procedure. This is an opportunity to ask questions or express concern. You can then make an informed decision about whether surgery is right for you.

To reduce your risk of complications, follow your surgeon's instructions before and after surgery. Take any medications as prescribed and avoid smoking, which can delay healing.

Listen In Q&A Format

What Are Mandibular Tori?

NewMouth Podcast

Can You Prevent Mandibular Tori?

There's no way to prevent dental tori from developing. However, seeing your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and checkups can help them identify early oral growths. It also allows them to monitor any existing growths for changes.

Mouthguards

You may be able to prevent mandibular tori if tooth grinding (bruxism) is the underlying cause. Your dentist can provide a mouthguard to wear at night and protect your teeth from grinding. Trying relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation, may help if bruxism is due to stress.

Diet Changes

Likewise, if nutrient deficiencies or excesses are to blame, changing your diet may help. Your doctor can diagnose any underlying nutritional problems and make dietary recommendations. This may involve taking supplements or eating more foods rich in certain vitamins. 

Good Oral Hygiene

If the tissue covering the dental tori becomes injured, you must keep it clean to prevent infection. 

Brushing twice a day and flossing daily can help remove plaque and bacteria from around the growths. Your dentist may also recommend using an antiseptic mouthwash to reduce the likelihood of infection.

Summary

Mandibular tori are bony growths that can develop inside the lower jaw, under the tongue. They're usually non-cancerous and don't cause symptoms. In some cases, however, they can interfere with eating, speaking, or wearing dentures.

If you have mandibular tori, your dentist may recommend removing them surgically. The procedure is typically outpatient and occurs under local anesthesia. Recovery takes several weeks.

There's no way to prevent dental tori from developing. However, regularly seeing your dentist can help them identify growths early. You may also be able to prevent them by treating underlying conditions, such as bruxism or nutritional deficiencies.